ID Usage, Network and Broadcast address, IP range and Host count

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For explanation, we get an example of an IP address 192.168.10.32

In an IP address, there are two main parts. one is network id and another one is host id.

Network ID = NID, Host ID = HID

These ID change with IP address classes

Class A

10.11.12.65

The first octet is NID. Last three octet is HID

NID =  8 bit, HID = 24 bit


Class B

129.160.34.62

The first 2 octet is NID. Last 2 octet is HID

NID =  16 bit, HID = 16 bit


Class C

192.168.10.32

The first 3 octet is NID. Last octet is HID

NID = 24 bit, HID = 8 bit


This IP address has a network address and broadcast address

Network address = This address helps to identify the network from other networks. (192.168.10.0)

Broadcast address = This address used to sending a message to all devices in a network or broadcast a message to the network. (192.168.10.255)

Can not use network address and broadcast address for hosts. (for pc)

If we get 192.168.10.32, we know that is a class c IP address. so the last octet is the IP range of this IP.

192.168.10.0 (First IP - network IP)

192.168.10.1

192.168.10.3

         |

         |

192.168.10.254

192.168.10.255 (Last IP - Broadcast IP)

IP range 0 - 255 ,

All IP count 256 (included with first IP 0)

Then host count  256 -2 = 254 (-2 is network and  broadcast IP)





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