Default Subnet Mask, how PC detect network address

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Subnet = simply when a network divided into several parts or sections, then each section also have a network. that one section call subnet.

The default subnet mask is used to identify the network address to the computer. Because the computer can not think network address if we give an IP address to the computer. it's only thinking with bits. it's explained later in this post.

First, we look at the changes of the default subnet mask with IP address classes.

*note:-  if there are no subnets more than 1, then use the default subnet mask

Theory: Network Id get 1 value, Host Id get 0 value

Class A

____.    ____.____.____

Net ID  Host ID

   |               |       |       |

  1              0      0      0

255.      0.0.0

default subnet mask = 255.0.0.0


Class B

____. ____.    ____.____

Net ID            Host ID

   |        |                |      |

  1       1               0     0

255.255.     0.0

default subnet mask = 255.255.0.0


Class C

____. ____.____.     ____

Net ID                     Host ID

   |        |        |              |

  1       1       1             0

255.255.255          .0

default subnet mask = 255.255.255.0

now let's see how the computer detect network address

ex:- 192.168.10.20

 this IP is class C

let's convert this IP  and subnet mask to binary

11000000.10101000.00001010.00010100

255.255.255.0  class c subnet mask 

11111111.11111111.11111111.00000000

now the computer will do the AND gate with IP and default subnet mask

11000000.10101000.00001010.00010100

11111111.11111111.11111111.00000000

____________________________________________

11000000.10101000.00001010.00000000

Let's convert this binary result to decimal

11000000.10101000.00001010.00000000

192.168.10.0 === > the last octet is 0, so this is the network address.  


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